Journal: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Article Title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic fractions of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta

doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-11-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: Susceptibility of microbes to the extract and fractions of C. sanguinolenta

Article Snippet: The petroleum ether fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 16.0 to 32.0 mg/ml among P. mirabilis , S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305, S. aureus ATCC25923, P. mirabilis ATCC 49565 and E. coli ATCC 25922, while MIC value of 32.0 mg/ml was observed among S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305, S. aureus ATCC25923 and P. mirabilis ATCC 49565 in the ethyl acetate fraction.

Techniques:

Journal: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Article Title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic fractions of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta

doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-11-16

Figure Lengend Snippet: The MIC and MBC of the extract and fractions of C. sanguinolenta

Article Snippet: The petroleum ether fraction exhibited MIC values ranging from 16.0 to 32.0 mg/ml among P. mirabilis , S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305, S. aureus ATCC25923, P. mirabilis ATCC 49565 and E. coli ATCC 25922, while MIC value of 32.0 mg/ml was observed among S. saprophyticus ATCC 15305, S. aureus ATCC25923 and P. mirabilis ATCC 49565 in the ethyl acetate fraction.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Article Title: Silicone Foley catheters impregnated with microbial indole derivatives inhibit crystalline biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis .

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1010625

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 1 Indole impregnated silicone Foley catheter inhibit the biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis. Quantification of the reduction in P. mirabilis crystalline biofilm on indole extract (Zch127) impregnated catheter compared to DMSO control, where (A) Reduction in adhered viable bacterial cells of P. mirabilis ATCC12453, and isolate P8 measured by drop plate method after 24 h of incubation, data are represented as median with interquartile range and (B) Reduction in biofilm biomass using crystal violet assay, data represents the mean of at least 3 biological replica, and error bars show standard deviation. Statistical difference was determined by student’s t-test, where statistical significance is represented by ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Microbial indole derivatives downregulated P. mirabilis virulence genes The RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the change in the gene expression in P. mirabilis ATCC 12453 cells upon frontiersin.org exposure to sub-MIC of indole derivative extract (Zch127) compared to untreated control.

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Crystal Violet Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Article Title: Silicone Foley catheters impregnated with microbial indole derivatives inhibit crystalline biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis .

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1010625

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 3 Indole impregnated silicone Foley catheter inhibit Proteus mirabilis migration by swarming morility. Representative images for the efficacy of impregnated SFCs against P. mirabilis clinical isolate P8 swarming migration, control DMSO catheter segment, and Zch127 indole extract- treated catheter segment with (0.6 mg/mL).

Article Snippet: Microbial indole derivatives downregulated P. mirabilis virulence genes The RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the change in the gene expression in P. mirabilis ATCC 12453 cells upon frontiersin.org exposure to sub-MIC of indole derivative extract (Zch127) compared to untreated control.

Techniques: Migration, Control

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Article Title: Silicone Foley catheters impregnated with microbial indole derivatives inhibit crystalline biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis .

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1010625

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 2 Morphological changes in Proteus mirabilis crystalline biofilm on indole impregnated silicone Foley catheter. Microscopic visualization of biofilm formation by P. mirabilis ATCC12453 on SFC segments using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Biofilm formation on the catheter treated by impregnation at 0.5X MIC (0.6 mg/mL) of the indole extract (Zch127) was compared to control DMSO treated catheter. Visualization was done at magnifications of (A) 10,000 X and (B) 20,000 X.

Article Snippet: Microbial indole derivatives downregulated P. mirabilis virulence genes The RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the change in the gene expression in P. mirabilis ATCC 12453 cells upon frontiersin.org exposure to sub-MIC of indole derivative extract (Zch127) compared to untreated control.

Techniques: Microscopy, Control

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Article Title: Silicone Foley catheters impregnated with microbial indole derivatives inhibit crystalline biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis .

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1010625

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 4 Downregulation of Proteus mirabilis virulence genes under the effect of indole extract. Alteration in gene expression profiles associated with exposure of P. mirabilis ATCC 12453 in the presence of indole extract Zch127 (sub-MIC 0.6 mg/mL) relative to control as determined by RT- qPCR.Fold change refers to the mean levels of gene expression across replicates, calculated using the DDCt method relative to the untreated control where fold change = (2 -DDCt). Fold change (>1) indicates up-regulation, (<1) indicates down-regulation and fold change (~1) means insignificant change. Swarming activity genes (umoC, flhC, flhD, flhDC and mrpA), polyamaine synthesis genes (speB and glnA) and quorum sensing gene (luxS), while regulatory genes (mrpJ, rcsB and rcsD). The data is representative of three independent experiments as means and error bars show standard deviation. Statistical analysis using two- way ANOVA with p ≤0.05 is considered statistically significant and ***P < 0.001 compared with DMSO control.

Article Snippet: Microbial indole derivatives downregulated P. mirabilis virulence genes The RT-qPCR technique was used to evaluate the change in the gene expression in P. mirabilis ATCC 12453 cells upon frontiersin.org exposure to sub-MIC of indole derivative extract (Zch127) compared to untreated control.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Activity Assay, Standard Deviation